ThreadPoolExecutor类实现了ExecutorService接口和Executor接口,可以设置线程池corePoolSize,最大线程池大小,AliveTime,拒绝策略等。常用构造方法:

public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
                              int maximumPoolSize,
                              long keepAliveTime,
                              TimeUnit unit,
                              BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,
                              ThreadFactory threadFactory,
                              RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {
        if (corePoolSize < 0 ||
            maximumPoolSize <= 0 ||
            maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize ||
            keepAliveTime < 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
        this.acc = System.getSecurityManager() == null ?
                null :
                AccessController.getContext();
        this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;
        this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize;
        this.workQueue = workQueue;
        this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime);
        this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
        this.handler = handler;
    }

corePoolSize: 线程池维护线程的最少数量

maximumPoolSize:线程池维护线程的最大数量

keepAliveTime: 线程池维护线程所允许的空闲时间

unit: 线程池维护线程所允许的空闲时间的单位

workQueue: 线程池所使用的缓冲队列

handler: 线程池对拒绝任务的处理策略

当一个任务通过execute(Runnable)方法欲添加到线程池时:

  1. 如果此时线程池中的数量小于corePoolSize,即使线程池中的线程都处于空闲状态,也要创建新的线程来处理被添加的任务。

  2. 如果此时线程池中的数量等于 corePoolSize,但是缓冲队列 workQueue未满,那么任务被放入缓冲队列。

  3. 如果此时线程池中的数量大于corePoolSize,缓冲队列workQueue满,并且线程池中的数量小于maximumPoolSize,建新的线程来处理被添加的任务。

  4. 如果此时线程池中的数量大于corePoolSize,缓冲队列workQueue满,并且线程池中的数量等于maximumPoolSize,那么通过 handler所指定的策略来处理此任务。也就是:处理任务的优先级为:核心线程corePoolSize、任务队列workQueue、最大线程maximumPoolSize,如果三者都满了,使用handler处理被拒绝的任务。

  • 当线程池中的线程数量大于 corePoolSize时,如果某线程空闲时间超过keepAliveTime,线程将被终止。这样,线程池可以动态的调整池中的线程数。

四种策略规则

  1. ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy()
	//抛出异常java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException
	//处理源码如下:
	public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
            throw new RejectedExecutionException();

        }
  1. ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy()
//用于被拒绝任务的处理程序,它直接在 execute 方法的调用线程中运行被拒绝的任务;如果执行程序已关闭,则会丢弃该任务
//源码如下:
 public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
            if (!e.isShutdown()) {
		//如果添加线程失败 则主线程执行
                r.run();
            }
        }
  1. ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy()
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
            if (!e.isShutdown()) {
		//舍弃掉了先进的线程
                e.getQueue().poll();
		//然后在执行后面的线程
                e.execute(r);
            }
        }
  1. ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy
//用于被拒绝任务的处理程序,默认情况下它将丢弃被拒绝的任务
public static class DiscardPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {

        /**

         * Creates a <tt>DiscardPolicy</tt>.

         */

        public DiscardPolicy() { }

 

        /**

         * Does nothing, which has the effect of discarding task r.

         * @param r the runnable task requested to be executed

         * @param e the executor attempting to execute this task

         */

        public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
		//什么事情都不做
        }

    }

Java-五种线程池,四种拒绝策略,三种阻塞队列

三种阻塞队列:
BlockingQueue workQueue = null;
workQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(5);//基于数组的先进先出队列,有界
workQueue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();//基于链表的先进先出队列,无界
workQueue = new SynchronousQueue<>();//无缓冲的等待队列,无界
四种拒绝策略:
RejectedExecutionHandler rejected = null;
rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy();//默认,队列满了丢任务抛出异常
rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy();//队列满了丢任务不异常
rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy();//将最早进入队列的任务删,之后再尝试加入队列
rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy();//如果添加到线程池失败,那么主线程会自己去执行该任务
五种线程池:
ExecutorService threadPool = null;
threadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//有缓冲的线程池,线程数 JVM 控制
threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);//固定大小的线程池
threadPool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(2);
threadPool = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();//单线程的线程池,只有一个线程在工作
threadPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor();//默认线程池,可控制参数比较多